Xi'an alphabet: Difference between revisions

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The Xi’an alphabet ( Xi'an: kẽxÌN(kyexiin) (Proper); literally script/alphabetic letter; ) is a writing system to write the Xi’an language.

The alphabet has over 200 "letters", symbols or glyphs. Each letter has more than one form (basic, block, corner). Kyexiin has also a hyphen, 'comma' (epentheses and pause), quotation and a period (full stop) mark. Proper nouns are also marked in the Xi’an script. There are a special glyph for vowel muting and a glyph equal to the ampersand (&).

Some glyphs can occur in different shapes or variants. Glyphs are grouped into blocks and form 'words'. The block format is always:

V, Vowel
VC, Vowel - Consonant
CV, Consonant - Vowel
CVC, Consonant - Vowel - Consonant

Therefore some words can be written differently. Xi’an tries to minimize the number of blocks.

It is important to note that pitch diacritics can fundamentally change the meaning of a word. It can be sometimes very tricky to distinguish these diacritics from each other.Template:RSI

Components

Vowels

SRX	Basic	Block	Corner	Pronunciation
A	a	á	à	[a]
Ā	A	Á	À	[ɑː] - long a - in father /fɑː.ðə*/
Â			%	[ʌ] in but /bʌt/, cut /kʌt/
O	o	ó	ò	[ɛ] in set /sɛt/, net /nɛt/, met /mɛt/
Ō	O	Ó	Ò	[ɛː] - long ɛ -
E	e	é	è	[i]
Ē	E	É	È	[iː] - long i - in spree /spɹiː/
I	i	í	ì	[o]
II	I	Í	Ì	[oː] - long o -
U	u	ú	ù	[u], in some cases /w/
Ū	U	Ú	Ù	[uː]

Consonants

SRX	Basic	Block	Corner	Pronunciation
P	p			[p]
K	k		K	[k]
T	t			[t]
S	s			[s]
H	h			[h]
M	m		M	[m] in him /ˈhɪm/, alt: /əm/
N	n		N	[n]
NG	g		G	[ŋ] in Song /sɒŋ/ alt: /sɔŋ/, /sɑŋ/ and singing /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/
TH	þ		Þ	[θ] or [ð] n with /wɪð/, thin /ˈθɪn/
L	l		L	[l] in tell /tɛl/ or /tɛɫ/ , lit /ˈlɪt/ ; in dialect: [r]
R	r		R	[ɾ] or [r] in ital. 'rosa' /ˈrɔ.za/
THL	ð		Ð	[θ] + [l] = with love
X	x			[ʂ]
XY	X			[ʃ]
CH	ç			[ ͡ʈʂ]
KL	ļ			[kl]
KR	ŗ			[kɾ] or [kr]
Y	ĩ	j		[j] in PYU /pjuː/ , KYU /kjuː/, HYUN /hjuːn/, NYU /njuː/ or /nju/, mutant /ˈmjuːtənt/ or /ˈmjuʔn̩(t)/

Diphtongs

SRX	Basic	Block	Corner	Variant	Pronunciation
AO	w	ẃ	ẁ		[ɑo]
ĀO	W	Ẃ	Ẁ		[ɑːo]
OA	ő	ȯ	ŏ		[oɑ]
ŌA	Ő	Ȯ	Ŏ		[oːɑ]
AI	y	ý	ỳ	å	[ɑi]
ĀI	Y	Ý	Ỳ	Å	[ɑːi]
EA	ě	Ě	Ĕ	ĕ	[ɛɑ]

U-Diphtongs

SRX	Basic	Block	Corner
UA	ä	â	ạ
UĀ	Ä	Â	Ạ
UO	ö	ô	ọ
UŌ	Ö	Ô	Ọ
VU	v	q
UE	ë	ê	ẹ
UĒ	Ë	Ê	Ẹ
UI	ï	î	ị
UII	Ï	Î	Ị
UAO	ẅ	ŵ	ẉ
UĀO	Ẅ	Ŵ	Ẉ
UOA	ø	œ	æ
UŌA	Ø	Œ	Æ
UAI	ÿ	ŷ	ỵ
UĀI	Ÿ	Ŷ	Ỵ
UEA		ùĕ

Y-Diphtongs

SRX	Basic	Block	Corner	Pronunciation
YA	ã	ā	ả	/ja/
YĀ	Ã	Ā	Ả	/ja:/
YO	õ	ō	ỏ	/jo/
YŌ	Õ	Ō	Ỏ	/jo:/
YU	ũ	ū	ủ	/ju/
YŪ	Ũ	Ū	Ủ	/ju:/
YE	ẽ	ē	ẻ	/yɛ/
YŪ	Ẽ	Ē	Ẻ	/yɛ:/
YI	ĩ	ī	ỉ	/ji/
YII	Ĩ	Ī		/jiː/
YAO	z	ź	ż
YĀO	Z	Ź	Ż
YOA	c	b	d
YŌA	C	B	D
YAI	ỹ	ȳ	ỷ	/jɑi/
YĀI	Ỹ	Ȳ	Ỷ	/jɑːi/
YEA		jĕ		/jɛɑ/

Special glyphs

SRX	Block	Pronunciation
UTH	&
E’E	ė

Numbers

SRX	Basic	SRX	Basic
1	1	6	6
2	2	7	7
3	3	8	8
4	4	9	9
5	5	0	0

Puncuation and pitch

SRX	Symbol	Example	Notes
.	.	á.
,	,	á,
–	–	á–
	@	@á
“	“	“á
”	”	“á
?	?	á?
.	#	á#	Low pitch
.	$	$á	Rise in pitch
'	’	á’	Fall in pitch
"	»	á»	High in pitch

References

@@ Line 94: / Line 94: @@
 ! SRX || Basic         || Block         || Corner        || Variant       || Pronunciation
 |-
-| AO  || {{Kyexiin|w}} || {{Kyexiin|ẃ}} || {{Kyexiin|ẁ}} ||               ||
+| AO  || {{Kyexiin|w}} || {{Kyexiin|ẃ}} || {{Kyexiin|ẁ}} ||               || {{IPA|<nowiki>[ɑo]</nowiki>}}
 |-
-| ĀO  || {{Kyexiin|W}} || {{Kyexiin|Ẃ}} || {{Kyexiin|Ẁ}} ||               ||
+| ĀO  || {{Kyexiin|W}} || {{Kyexiin|Ẃ}} || {{Kyexiin|Ẁ}} ||               || {{IPA|<nowiki>[ɑːo]</nowiki>}}
 |-
-| OA  || {{Kyexiin|ő}} || {{Kyexiin|ȯ}} || {{Kyexiin|ŏ}} ||               ||
+| OA  || {{Kyexiin|ő}} || {{Kyexiin|ȯ}} || {{Kyexiin|ŏ}} ||               || {{IPA|<nowiki>[oɑ]</nowiki>}}
 |-
-| ŌA  || {{Kyexiin|Ő}} || {{Kyexiin|Ȯ}} || {{Kyexiin|Ŏ}} ||               ||
+| ŌA  || {{Kyexiin|Ő}} || {{Kyexiin|Ȯ}} || {{Kyexiin|Ŏ}} ||               || {{IPA|<nowiki>[oːɑ]</nowiki>}}
 |-
-| AI  || {{Kyexiin|y}} || {{Kyexiin|ý}} || {{Kyexiin|ỳ}} || {{Kyexiin|å}} ||
+| AI  || {{Kyexiin|y}} || {{Kyexiin|ý}} || {{Kyexiin|ỳ}} || {{Kyexiin|å}} || {{IPA|<nowiki>[ɑi]</nowiki>}}
 |-
-| ĀI  || {{Kyexiin|Y}} || {{Kyexiin|Ý}} || {{Kyexiin|Ỳ}} || {{Kyexiin|Å}} ||
+| ĀI  || {{Kyexiin|Y}} || {{Kyexiin|Ý}} || {{Kyexiin|Ỳ}} || {{Kyexiin|Å}} || {{IPA|<nowiki>[ɑːi]</nowiki>}}
 |-
-| EA  || {{Kyexiin|ě}} || {{Kyexiin|Ě}} || {{Kyexiin|Ĕ}} || {{Kyexiin|ĕ}} ||
+| EA  || {{Kyexiin|ě}} || {{Kyexiin|Ě}} || {{Kyexiin|Ĕ}} || {{Kyexiin|ĕ}} || {{IPA|<nowiki>[ɛɑ]</nowiki>}}
 |}